Between 1293 and 1307 a citadel went up, called Philip the Fair Tower and today all that remains is the dungeon.
In March 1293, King Philip the Fair created the town christened Villeneuve Saint André which later became Villeneuve lez Avignon.
During the time of the papacy in Avignon (1309-1378), many Popes, Cardinals and other prelates from the pontifical court built convents, churches and fortified palaces (known as "Livrées") in Villeneuve lez Avignon.
In 1333, Cardinal Arnaud de Via founded the church, Notre Dame Collegiate church (now the parish church) which housed the copy of the famous Pietà.
In 1356, Cardinal Etienne Aubert, who became Pope under the name of Pope Innocent VI, founded the Charterhouse monastery – the Chartreuse du Val de Bénédiction.