Whilst evidence remains of Roman occupation in the area, they did not build their settlement on the current location of Venasque. However, stone blocks from their stay were used in the foundations of the walls and towers of Venasque when it became essential to create defensive villages in the Middle Ages.
The position for the village on top of a rock was carefully chosen by the Bishop of Carpentras in the 6th century, as it provided maximum protection from the war-hungry Barbarians who were busy ransacking the Provençal countryside. The imposing stone walls and towers that surround the village helped to keep the village safe. The gates that you see were restored in the early 20th century.
On the esplanade in front of the walls is a view point over the northern countryside, where you can see all the way to the Dentilles de Montmirail and Mont Ventoux.
The baptistery (next to the 11th century Romanesque church at the far end of the village) dates from this time and is one of the oldest buildings in France. It was designed in the shape of a Greek cross and features arches and ancient columns. It's open throughout the year and you can visit for a small entry fee.